Analysis of the development of rice-growing lowlands in the Niger Valley in Bénin: A systematic review

Rice lowlands play a crucial role in the production of rice, a staple food essential for food security in sub-Saharan Africa and Bénin. The systematic review examined the performance of rice lowland developments in the Niger Valley of Benin based on existing scientific knowledge. The systematic review was based on the PICO method coupled with a comprehensive analysis of published studies, project reports, and other relevant documents concerning rice lowland developments in the Niger Valley of Benin. Inclusion criteria included studies assessing agricultural performance, and environmental and socio-economic impacts. Data were collected from academic databases, research reports, and local case studies. The results from the literature review showed that the Niger Valley of Benin presented a diversity of rice lowland developments and perimeters, ranging from traditional methods to semi-modern and modern techniques. Thus, modern rice lowland developments and perimeters in the Niger Valley offers high yields and efficient water management, overcoming the challenges of climatic variations and contributing significantly to increased rice production, unlike traditional and semi-modern methods. The review reveals that rice lowland developments in the Niger Valley of Benin have generally improved agricultural performance of production systems. However, to maximize their impact and sustainability, it is crucial to fill the identified gaps, particularly in environmental impact assessment, cost-benefit analysis, climate change adaptation, and social dimensions. Future research may focus on these aspects to provide more comprehensive recommendations applicable to local contexts.