Geometric, hydrological and hydraulic studies of a 1.822 km road section linking the Zogba-Gounli–Atchozoundji Public Primary School to Covè in Central Bénin

Abstract

In Benin, the deteriorated condition of many unpaved rural roads significantly hinders population mobility, access to essential services, and local socio-economic development. In the municipality of Covè, this issue is particularly concerning during the rainy season when several roads become impassable and during the dry season, where dust severely affects the residents’ quality of life. The paper focuses on the technical study of a 1.822 km road section located in a strategic area of Covè, linking the Zogbo Gounli Public Primary School to the locality of Atchozoundji. The section is characterized by rugged terrain, a lack of functional drainage structures, and high susceptibility to erosion. To propose a sustainable and functional development solution, the study was structured around three technical components: geometric analysis of the road alignment, hydrological study of the contributing catchments, and hydraulic design of drainage structures. The adopted methodology relied on field observations, a collection of topographic, rainfall, and demographic data, and the application of current technical standards. The results led to the proposal of a realistic and locally adapted development plan, aimed at improving road usability, mitigating erosion risks, and ensuring efficient stormwater management. In the long term, the methodology developed in this study could be applied to other critical road sections within the municipality facing similar challenges. It thus provides a relevant foundation for developing a broader rural road rehabilitation program at the local level in Benin.